Etoricoxib

Etoricoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor belonging to the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) class. It is commonly prescribed for the management of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, acute gouty arthritis, and various acute pain conditions. Its selective COX-2 inhibition allows it to provide effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic action with relatively reduced gastric mucosal irritation compared with non-selective NSAIDs, although caution is still required in high-risk patients.

The drug works by specifically blocking the COX-2 enzyme responsible for producing inflammatory prostaglandins at sites of tissue injury. By sparing COX-1 to a greater extent, etoricoxib aims to maintain protective prostaglandins in the gastric lining while still delivering meaningful pain and inflammation control. This pharmacological profile has made it a commonly chosen option in patients who require NSAID therapy but have concerns about gastrointestinal tolerability.

Etoricoxib is typically administered once daily due to its relatively long duration of action, which supports convenient dosing and good patient adherence. The exact dose depends on the indication and severity of symptoms. As with all NSAIDs, the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration is generally recommended.

Potential side effects may include headache, edema, hypertension, or dyspepsia. Because selective COX-2 inhibitors may carry cardiovascular risk in susceptible individuals, careful assessment of patient history is important before initiating therapy. With appropriate patient selection and monitoring, etoricoxib provides effective and convenient anti-inflammatory pain management.