Indomethacin

Indomethacin is a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used primarily for the treatment of moderate to severe inflammatory conditions. It is particularly effective in acute gouty arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, bursitis, and certain rheumatologic disorders where strong anti-inflammatory action is required. Due to its higher potency compared with many other NSAIDs, indomethacin is typically reserved for situations where milder agents are insufficient.

The medication works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, thereby reducing the production of prostaglandins responsible for inflammation, pain, and swelling. Its rapid anti-inflammatory effect makes it especially useful in acute gout attacks, where prompt reduction of joint inflammation is essential for symptom control.

Indomethacin is usually administered in oral capsule or sustained-release form, with dosing individualized according to disease severity and patient tolerance. Because of its gastrointestinal irritation potential, it is generally recommended to take the medicine with food and for the shortest effective duration.

Common adverse effects include gastric discomfort, nausea, headache, and dizziness. Compared with some other NSAIDs, indomethacin carries a relatively higher risk of gastrointestinal side effects, so careful patient selection and monitoring are important. When prescribed appropriately and monitored closely, indomethacin remains a valuable option for managing severe inflammatory joint conditions.